I KETUT WIJA NEGARA, Ni Desak Nyoman Pradnyani, Diah Ayu Safitri

Study on Implementation of Limited Protection Rules For Banggai Cardinalfish (Pterapogon kauderni) Which Is Transported Through The Province of Bali

Introduction

study on implementation of limited protection rules for banggai cardinalfish (pterapogon kauderni) which is transported through the province of bali. Examine the implementation of limited protection rules for Banggai cardinalfish (Pterapogon kauderni) transported through Bali. Assess policy effectiveness, export, and disease control.

Abstract

The Banggai cardinalfish (Pterapogon kauderni) is a species of ornamental fish endemic to the Banggai Archipelago, Central Sulawesi, Indonesia. The high level of exploitation has caused the population of the proud fish to decline. The government seeks conservation by issuing KEPMEN KP Number 49 of 2018 concerning the Protection Status of Banggai cardinalfish. The purpose of this study/research is to determine the effectiveness of implementation after the policy is issued. Bali is one of the exit points for the export trade of the Banggai cardinalfish commodity. Banggai cardinalfish export from Bali in 2019-2020 only reached 60 thousand, increasing to 111 thousand fish with a frequency of 303 export data in 2021. Export destinations are the United Kingdom, France, China, Taiwan, Hongkong, Denmark, Netherlands, Brazil, Poland, and Germany. Banggai cardinalfish in its trade must be free from disease infections, listed in the Minister of Maritime Affairs and Fisheries of the Republic of Indonesia No. 17 of 2021. Commodities must be examined by checking for types of quarantine fish diseases, namely Megalocytivirus infection. The prevalence value of Megalocytivirus or Banggai Cardinal Iridovirus (BCIV) from Banggai cardinalfish to exporters in Bali in 2020 was 1.49 and in 2021 it was 4.10. The current condition of the Banggai fishery in its utilization must meet the requirements attached to the Indonesian Minister of Maritime Affairs and Fisheries Decree No. 21 of 2021 regarding quotas, and Government Regulation Number 85 of 2021 regarding PNBP rates.

Review

This study addresses a critically important topic concerning the conservation of the Banggai cardinalfish (BCF), *Pterapogon kauderni*, an endemic and highly exploited ornamental fish species from Indonesia. The research focuses on the implementation and effectiveness of limited protection rules, specifically KEPMEN KP Number 49 of 2018, as BCF is transported through the province of Bali, a significant export hub. The premise is timely and highly relevant, given the species' declining population and the government's efforts to balance conservation with economic utilization. The abstract effectively highlights the ecological significance of BCF and the policy context aimed at its protection. The abstract provides several key pieces of information, illustrating the complexity of BCF management. It details Bali's role in the international trade, noting a substantial increase in exports from 60 thousand in 2019-2020 to 111 thousand fish in 2021, destined for a diverse range of countries. Furthermore, it introduces the critical aspect of disease control, particularly Megalocytivirus (Banggai Cardinal Iridovirus or BCIV), referencing regulations like Minister of Maritime Affairs and Fisheries No. 17 of 2021, and presenting prevalence values for 2020 and 2021. The mention of other relevant decrees concerning quotas (No. 21 of 2021) and non-tax state revenue (PNBP rates, Government Regulation No. 85 of 2021) underscores the multi-faceted regulatory environment governing BCF utilization. While the abstract clearly outlines the study's purpose to determine the effectiveness of policy implementation, it falls short in providing the actual findings related to this effectiveness. The presented data, such as increasing export volumes and disease prevalence, are valuable but are not explicitly interpreted in the context of policy success or failure. To strengthen the work, the full paper should articulate the methodology used to assess "effectiveness" and present its core conclusions regarding whether the limited protection rules are achieving their conservation goals, despite or because of the observed trade dynamics. A deeper analysis of the interplay between trade volume, disease management, and conservation outcomes, rather than just presenting raw numbers, would significantly enhance the study's impact and its contribution to species management.

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