Rizka Pratiwi, Trini Sudiarti

Nutritional Status of Children Aged 6-59 Months Based on Composite Index of Anthropometric Failure

Introduction

Nutritional status of children aged 6-59 months based on composite index of anthropometric failure. Analyze nutritional status of 6-59 month children in Depok using CIAF. Learn how it reveals higher malnutrition rates and identifies energy intake as a critical risk factor.

Abstract

Composite Index Anthropometric Failure (CIAF) is an alternative indicator for assessing nutritional status in children which can identify all children who are malnourished, whether they are stunting, wasting, underweight, wasting and underweight, stunting and underweight, or a combination of all three. The problem of failure to thrive in children aged 6-59 months based on CIAF in Bojongsari District, Depok City, in 2023 is 29,8%. This figure is higher than conventional measurements with single indicators of stunting, wasting, and underweight in Depok City based on the 2023 SKI, respectively, namely 14.3%, 5.8%, and 12.8%. The research aims to determine the determinants of the nutritional status of children aged 6-59 months based on CIAF in Bojongsari District, Depok City, West Java Province in 2023. This quantitative research with a cross-sectional study design used secondary data, and data analysis was conducted using the Chi-square test and multiple logistic regression. There were 317 children aged 6-59 months in this study. Bivariate analysis showed that variables related to children’s nutritional status based on CIAF were energy intake, protein intake, fat intake, and carbohydrate intake. Multivariate analysis shows that energy intake is the risk factor in children’s nutritional status based on CIAF in children aged 6-59 months in Bojongsari District, Depok City, West Java Province in 2023 after controlling for the variables protein intake and fat intake (p=0.006; OR = 3.493, 95% CI = 1.428 – 8.543).

Review

The study introduces the Composite Index of Anthropometric Failure (CIAF) as a crucial alternative for assessing childhood malnutrition, offering a more comprehensive picture than conventional single indicators. It highlights a significant public health concern in Bojongsari District, Depok City, where 29.8% of children aged 6-59 months exhibit anthropometric failure based on CIAF, a figure substantially higher than reported rates using single measures for stunting, wasting, and underweight in Depok. The research effectively sets out to identify the determinants of this nutritional status, employing a quantitative, cross-sectional design utilizing secondary data from 317 children. The methodology, involving Chi-square tests and multiple logistic regression, is appropriate for exploring associations within the existing dataset. The analysis reveals several critical insights into the factors associated with anthropometric failure. Bivariate analysis initially indicates that energy, protein, fat, and carbohydrate intake are all significantly related to children's nutritional status based on CIAF. Moving to a more robust multivariate analysis, the study pinpoints energy intake as a primary and independent risk factor for anthropometric failure. Specifically, after controlling for protein and fat intake, low energy intake significantly increases the odds of anthropometric failure (p=0.006; OR = 3.493, 95% CI = 1.428 – 8.543). This finding strongly suggests that inadequate energy consumption plays a pivotal role in the observed high prevalence of malnutrition in the target population. A significant strength of this study lies in its utilization of the CIAF, providing a more holistic and accurate representation of malnutrition by capturing all forms of anthropometric failure. The identification of energy intake as a key determinant offers a clear and actionable target for public health interventions aimed at improving children's nutritional status in Bojongsari District. While the cross-sectional design precludes establishing causality, the strong association identified is highly relevant for policy and program development, such as promoting nutrient-dense diets or targeted supplementary feeding programs. Future research could build upon these findings by exploring the root causes of insufficient energy intake (e.g., socioeconomic factors, feeding practices, food security) and evaluating the effectiveness of specific interventions designed to enhance energy consumption among vulnerable children.

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