Monalisa Yuned

GAMBARAN KEPATUHAN MINUM OBAT PADA PASIEN DIABETES MELITUS TIPE 2 DENGAN PENYAKIT PENYERTA HIPERTENSI DI WILAYAH KERJA PUSKESMAS SANGGAU

Introduction

Gambaran kepatuhan minum obat pada pasien diabetes melitus tipe 2 dengan penyakit penyerta hipertensi di wilayah kerja puskesmas sanggau. Telusuri kepatuhan minum obat pasien diabetes melitus tipe 2 & hipertensi di Puskesmas Sanggau. Studi ini mengungkap tingkat kepatuhan rendah (57.4%) & pengaruh jumlah serta frekuensi obat.

Abstract

The prevalence of type 2 diabetes and hypertension comorbidity is very high,exacerbating each other and increasing the risk of complications. Medication adherence is one of the factors that determine the success of pharmacological therapy for both chronic diseases. Complex pharmacological therapy increases the risk of polypharmacy, thereby increasing the potential for Drug-Related Problems (DRPs) and often reducing medication adherence. The aim of this study is to describe the level of medication adherence in patients with type 2 diabetes and comorbid hypertension, analyze associated factors such as duration of illness, number and frequency of medication intake. This study is a descriptive analytical study with a cross-sectional design. The sample consisted of 47 patients with type 2 diabetes and hypertension. Primary data were collected using the MMAS8 questionnaire, and secondary data were obtained from medical records. The results showed that medication adherence was low in 57.4% of patients, moderate in 27.7%, and high in 14.9%. There was a significant association between medication adherence with the number of medications (p = 0.020) and medication frequency (p = 0.001), while disease duration was not significantly associated (p = 1.000). Medication adherence among patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and hypertension was low, influenced by the number of medications and frequency of administration.

Review

This study investigates a highly pertinent issue concerning medication adherence among patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and co-existing hypertension, a common and challenging comorbidity. The prevalence of these conditions and the critical role of adherence in preventing complications underscore the importance of this research. The abstract clearly outlines the study's objective: to describe adherence levels and identify associated factors such as disease duration, number of medications, and frequency of intake. Employing a descriptive analytical study with a cross-sectional design and utilizing the validated MMAS-8 questionnaire, the methodology appears sound for achieving its stated descriptive aims within the primary care setting of Puskesmas Sanggau. The findings presented are compelling and offer valuable insights. The revelation that a significant proportion (57.4%) of patients exhibit low medication adherence, with only a small minority (14.9%) demonstrating high adherence, is a critical observation with direct clinical implications. Furthermore, the identification of a significant association between adherence and both the number of medications (p = 0.020) and medication frequency (p = 0.001) highlights key modifiable factors. This supports existing literature suggesting that treatment complexity is a major barrier to adherence, while the lack of association with disease duration (p = 1.000) provides a nuanced understanding of adherence determinants in this population. While the study provides valuable descriptive data, the cross-sectional design inherently limits the ability to infer causality regarding the identified associations. The relatively small sample size of 47 patients, though perhaps representative of the specific Puskesmas, might limit the generalizability of the findings to broader populations. Future research could benefit from larger, multi-center studies or longitudinal designs to explore causal pathways and observe adherence patterns over time. Nevertheless, this study offers actionable intelligence for healthcare providers in Puskesmas Sanggau and similar primary care settings, emphasizing the need for simplified medication regimens and enhanced patient education tailored to medication complexity to improve adherence and ultimately patient outcomes.

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