Sukarnia Arsyad, Dewi Citra Larasati, Noora Fithriana

Evaluasi Kebijakan Vaksinasi Rabies dalam Upaya Pencegahan Penularan oleh Hewan Penular Rabies melalui Pusat Kesehatan Hewan Kota Batu, jawa Timur

Introduction

Evaluasi kebijakan vaksinasi rabies dalam upaya pencegahan penularan oleh hewan penular rabies melalui pusat kesehatan hewan kota batu, jawa timur. Evaluasi kebijakan vaksinasi rabies di Kota Batu, Jawa Timur, untuk mencegah penularan dari hewan penular rabies (HPR). Studi kualitatif ini menganalisis efektivitas Puskeswan.

Abstract

Rabies is one of the deadly zoonotic diseases and has a significant impact on public health. This disease is caused by a virus that attacks the nervous system and can be transmitted through bites, scratches, or direct contact with the saliva of rabies-transmitting animals (HPR) such as dogs, cats, and monkeys. Rabies in Indonesia is also a very old disease and most of Indonesia is endemic to rabies. Although reports of rabies cases are almost non-existent in Batu City compared to other areas, the potential for transmission remains high due to the high mobility of HPR, both owned by residents and wild animals. The Batu City Government in an effort to prevent rabies-transmitting animals has implemented a vaccination policy through the Animal Health Center. However, the success of this rabies vaccination policy still faces various challenges. One of the main obstacles is the low level of public awareness of the importance of vaccinating their pets. This study aims to evaluate the rabies vaccination policy as an effort to prevent rabies-transmitting animals at the Batu City Animal Health Center. Observation and documentation are used as data sources with a qualitative approach and the Swot technique as an analysis tool. The results of this study obtained a total IFAS matrix score of 2.88 which indicates that the rabies vaccination policy is in a strong internal position and a total EFAS matrix score of 2.69 which indicates that Puskeswan responds to existing opportunities by avoiding external threats. And the position of the rabies vaccination policy quadrant is in quadrant I. Rabies merupakan salah satu penyakit zoonosis yang mematikan dan memiliki dampak signifikan terhadap kesehatan masyarakat. Penyakit ini disebabkan oleh virus yang menyerang sistem saraf dan dapat ditularkan melalui gigitan, cakaran, atau kontak langsung dengan air liur hewan penular rabies (HPR) seperti anjing, kucing, dan kera. Rabies di Indonesia juga merupakan penyakit yang sudah sangat lama dan sebagian besar wilayah Indonesia adalah endemik rabies. Meskipun laporan kasus rabies hampir tidak ditemukan di Kota Batu dibandingkan dengan wilayah lain, potensi penularan tetap tinggi karena tingginya mobilitas HPR, baik yang dimiliki oleh penduduk maupun hewan liar. Pemerintah Kota Batu dalam upaya pencegahan hewan penular rabies melakukan kebijakan vaksinasi melalui lembaga Pusat Kesehatan Hewan. Namun, keberhasilan kebijakan vaksinasi rabies ini masih menghadapi berbagai tantangan. Salah satu kendala utama adalah rendahnya tingkat kesadaran masyarakat tentang pentingnya vaksinasi hewan peliharaan mereka. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi kebijakan vaksinasi rabies sebagai upaya pencegahan hewan penular rabies di Pusat Kesehatan Hewan Kota Batu. Observasi dan dokumentasi digunakan sebagai sumber data dengan pendekatan kualitatif dan teknik Swot sebagai alat analisis. Hasil penelitian ini memperoleh total skor matriks IFAS 2,88 yang menunjukan bahwa kebijakan vaksinasi rabies berada di posisi internal yang kuat dan total skor matriks EFAS 2,69 yang menunjukan bahwa Puskeswan merespon peluang yang ada dengan cara menghindari ancaman eksternal. Serta posisi kuadran kebijakan vaksinasi rabies berada pada kuadran I.

Review

This paper presents a timely and relevant evaluation of the rabies vaccination policy implemented by the Batu City Government through its Animal Health Centers (Puskeswan). Recognizing rabies as a persistent and deadly zoonotic threat endemic to Indonesia, the study addresses a critical public health concern. While reported cases in Batu City are low, the authors correctly emphasize the continued high transmission potential due to animal mobility and identify low public awareness as a significant challenge to vaccination efforts. This focus on policy effectiveness in a specific local context provides valuable insights into regional disease prevention strategies. The methodology employed a qualitative approach, utilizing observation and documentation for data collection, with a SWOT analysis framework, specifically IFAS and EFAS matrices, for evaluation. The findings indicate a robust internal strategic position for the rabies vaccination policy, evidenced by an IFAS matrix score of 2.88. Moreover, the policy demonstrates a commendable ability to capitalize on external opportunities while effectively mitigating threats, reflected in an EFAS matrix score of 2.69. The resulting Quadrant I strategic position suggests that the vaccination policy is in a strong and favorable state, indicating that it possesses inherent strengths and is well-positioned to leverage external factors for continued success. While the study's application of a structured analytical tool like SWOT for policy evaluation is a notable strength, the abstract would benefit from a more explicit connection between the qualitative findings and the quantitative scores. For instance, although "low public awareness" is cited as a main obstacle, the abstract does not elaborate on how this specific challenge is factored into the IFAS or EFAS scores, or what specific strategies are being considered to address it, particularly given the strong Quadrant I positioning. Future iterations of this work could delve deeper into the specific qualitative components of the SWOT analysis (e.g., concrete strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats) to provide actionable recommendations for enhancing public engagement and vaccine uptake, ultimately strengthening the long-term effectiveness of rabies prevention in Batu City.

Full Text

Comments

You need to be logged in to post a comment.