Katarina Dua, Yuliana Radja Riwu, Helga J.N. Ndun

Barriers And Driving Factors of The Acceptance of Covid-19 Vaccination Program in The Working Area of The Bola Community Health Center, Sikka Regency

Introduction

Barriers and driving factors of the acceptance of covid-19 vaccination program in the working area of the bola community health center, sikka regency. Explore barriers & driving factors of COVID-19 vaccine acceptance in the Bola Health Center area. Understand community fears, access issues, and motivators like self-protection & regulations.

Abstract

The COVID-19 vaccination program is an existing program to limit the transmission of COVID-19 disease. The problem lies with the community, such as topographical access to areas and services. The vaccination process at the Bola Health Center is ongoing, besides that there are still some people who have not received the vaccination program. This study aims to determine the barriers and factors driving the acceptance of the COVID-19 vaccination program in the working area of the Bola Health Center. This type of research is a qualitative research with a phenomenological approach. The number of informants was 22 people consisting of 10 key informants who received the COVID-19 vaccination and 10 key informants who had not received the COVID-19 vaccination and the supporting informants consisted of the head of the puskesmas and the manager of the COVID 19 vaccination program. The method used was purposive sampling , namely determine the sample with certain considerations. The results show that there are obstacles in receiving the COVID-19 vaccination, namely fear and doubt about the post-vaccination side effects that can be fatal and even cause death, loss of confidence, confidence in the effectiveness and safety of vaccines and public access to services. The reason people receive the COVID-19 vaccination is internal factors such as the intention of the informant, namely as a way to prevent and protect themselves from the risk of COVID-19 transmission. External factors, namely there are regulations from an agency, both universities and the government, requiring informants to have a COVID-19 vaccine card.

Review

This qualitative study, focusing on the Bola Community Health Center in Sikka Regency, addresses a critical public health issue: the acceptance of the COVID-19 vaccination program. Given the ongoing need to mitigate infectious disease transmission, understanding the nuances of vaccine uptake at a local level is highly pertinent. The research aims to delineate both the barriers preventing, and the factors driving, vaccination acceptance within this specific community, offering valuable localized insights into a global challenge. Its phenomenological approach promises a deep exploration of individual experiences and perceptions, which is crucial for developing targeted public health interventions. The methodology employed a qualitative, phenomenological design with 22 informants, meticulously selected through purposive sampling. This included a balanced representation of individuals who had received (10) and had not received (10) the vaccine, complemented by insights from the head of the puskesmas and the vaccination program manager. The findings illuminate significant obstacles to vaccination, primarily rooted in fear and doubt regarding severe, potentially fatal, post-vaccination side effects, alongside a pervasive loss of confidence in vaccine effectiveness and safety, compounded by issues of public access to services. Conversely, acceptance was driven by internal factors, such as personal intent for self-protection, and powerful external motivators, including institutional and government mandates for vaccine cards. The strength of this study lies in its ability to unearth the lived experiences and perceptions surrounding vaccine acceptance, providing a rich, contextual understanding that quantitative studies might miss. By identifying specific fears and doubts, alongside both intrinsic and extrinsic motivators, the research offers actionable intelligence for local health authorities. These findings are particularly useful for designing tailored communication strategies that address misinformation, build trust, and improve accessibility to vaccination services in similar hard-to-reach or hesitant communities. While the findings are specific to the Bola Health Center, they contribute significantly to the broader understanding of vaccine hesitancy and acceptance dynamics, underscoring the importance of community-specific research in public health planning.

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