endah kartikawati, Kusdi Hartono, Riris Sagita, ita inayah

UJI AKTIVITAS ANTHELMINTIK EKSTRAK ETANOL DAUN KUCAI (Allium tuberosum) TERHADAP CACING Ascaridia galli SECARA IN VITRO

Introduction

Uji aktivitas anthelmintik ekstrak etanol daun kucai (allium tuberosum) terhadap cacing ascaridia galli secara in vitro. Uji aktivitas anthelmintik ekstrak etanol daun kucai (Allium tuberosum) terhadap cacing Ascaridia galli secara in vitro. Konsentrasi 30% paling efektif mematikan cacing.

Abstract

Ekstrak etanol daun kucai (Allium tuberosum) mengandung senyawa alkaloid, flavonoid dan tanin yang diketahui memiliki aktivitas anthelmintik. Masyarakat Indonesia telah lama memanfaatkan kucai untuk pengobatan, diantaranya untuk mengatasi keputihan, sembelit serta infeksi kuman bakteri dalam usus. Selain itu, kucai juga berkhasiat melancarkan aliran darah, sekaligus mencegah pembekuan darah. Hasil skrining pada ekstrak daun kucai menunjukkan bahwa sampel positif mengandung metabolit sekunder yaitu flavonoid, tanin, saponin dan alkaloid. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui aktivitas pengujian ekstrak etanol daun kucai (Allium tuberosum) terhadap kematian cacing Ascaridia galli dan menentukan pada konsentrasi berapa ekstrak etanol daun kucai (Allium tuberosum) mampu mematikan cacing Ascaridia galli. Pengujian anthelmintik dibagi dalam 5 kelompok perlakuan, setiap kelompok terdiri dari 3 ekor cacing dengan 3 kali replikasi. Konsentrasi ekstrak etanol daun kucai yang digunakan adalah 10%, 20% dan 30%, NaCl 0,9% sebagai kontrol negatif dan pirantel pamoat sebagai kontrol positif. Masing-masing kelompok perlakuan dilakukan dengan metode perendaman pada cacing Ascaridia galli. Waktu pengamatan dan perhitungan kematian cacing dilakukan tiap 1 jam selama 24 jam perlakuan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa semakin tinggi konsentrasi ekstrak etanol daun kucai yang digunakan semakin cepat cacing mengalami kematian. Konsentrasi yang paling efektif untuk membunuh cacing Ascaridia galli pada penelitian ini adalah 30% karena sudah mendekati hasil kontrol positif.

Review

This study presents a focused investigation into the anthelmintic activity of *Allium tuberosum* (kucai) leaf ethanol extract against *Ascaridia galli* worms, conducted *in vitro*. Grounded in traditional Indonesian medicinal practices and supported by initial phytochemical screenings revealing compounds such as alkaloids, flavonoids, tannins, and saponins known for their biological activities, the research aimed to empirically validate this anthelmintic potential. The experimental design, employing various extract concentrations (10%, 20%, 30%) alongside appropriate negative (NaCl 0.9%) and positive (pirantel pamoate) controls, is clearly outlined. The primary finding indicates a dose-dependent anthelmintic effect, with higher concentrations leading to faster worm mortality. A notable strength of this research lies in its systematic approach to validating traditional knowledge, providing scientific backing for the use of *Allium tuberosum* as a potential anthelmintic. The inclusion of both negative and positive controls in the *in vitro* immersion method strengthens the reliability of the observed results. The identification of the 30% concentration as the most effective, nearing the efficacy of the positive control, is a significant finding that underscores the potent anthelmintic properties of the kucai extract. This result offers a promising avenue for the development of natural, plant-based anthelmintics, particularly for parasites like *Ascaridia galli* which impact poultry health. While the abstract provides a compelling overview, the full paper would benefit from a more detailed quantification of the "approach" to the positive control's efficacy, possibly through statistical comparisons of time-to-mortality data. For future studies, exploring the specific mechanisms of action of the identified secondary metabolites and conducting *in vivo* studies would be critical next steps to confirm efficacy and safety in a living host. Further characterization of the extract, such as standardization of active compounds, could also enhance its therapeutic potential and facilitate its application as a practical alternative in anthelmintic strategies.

Full Text

Comments

You need to be logged in to post a comment.