Azzah Hanun Abas Karend, Nintya Setiari, Yulita Nurchayati, Fatimah Azzahra Ahmad Rashid

Somatic Embryo Enhancing of Phalaenopsis amabilis (L.) Blume Orchid with 6-Benzyl Amino Purine (BAP)

Introduction

Somatic embryo enhancing of phalaenopsis amabilis (l.) blume orchid with 6-benzyl amino purine (bap). Optimize Phalaenopsis amabilis orchid propagation with BAP. Find the ideal 6-Benzyl Amino Purine concentration for somatic embryo induction, vital for endangered orchid cultivation.

Abstract

Phalaenopsis amabilis (L.) Blume is an orchid with high economic value because of its beautiful white flowers, yellow labellum, and long stems. Its existence in nature is threatened with extinction, so efforts are needed to cultivate and preserve P. amabilis, one of which is through somatic embryos, which generally require Plant Growth Regulators (PGRs) in the form of 6-Benzyl Amino Purine (BAP). 6-Benzyl Amino Purine (BAP) is used because it is one of the cytokinin hormones proven to induce somatic embryos. This study aims to examine and determine the use of the right BAP concentration to propagate P. amabilis through somatic embryo induction. The explants used were P. amabilis protocorms; because protocorms produced a greater number of somatic embryos than leaf explants, the development of the explants was observed every week for 2 months. This study used a single factor Completely Randomized Design (CRD) in the form of BAP concentrations of 0, 1, 2, 3, and 4 ppm with 20 replications. The results showed that the most optimal treatment for the propagation of P. amabilis somatic embryos was on media with an average number of somatic embryos at a concentration of BAP 3 ppm (65.00) embryo/explain.

Review

This manuscript addresses a crucial topic in plant biotechnology and conservation: the efficient propagation of *Phalaenopsis amabilis*, an economically valuable orchid species facing extinction in its natural habitat. The study focuses on somatic embryogenesis as a viable in vitro propagation method, recognizing the established role of cytokinins, particularly 6-Benzyl Amino Purine (BAP), in inducing these embryos. The primary objective is clearly defined: to identify the optimal BAP concentration for enhancing somatic embryo production from *P. amabilis* protocorms, thereby contributing to robust conservation and cultivation strategies. The methodology described is straightforward and well-justified for an initial dose-response study. The use of protocorms as explants is a judicious choice, supported by their demonstrated superior capacity for somatic embryogenesis compared to leaf explants. The experimental design, a single-factor Completely Randomized Design across five BAP concentrations (0-4 ppm) with an impressive 20 replications, provides a solid statistical foundation for evaluating the treatments. The observation period of two months, with weekly monitoring, ensures sufficient time to track developmental responses. The key finding that 3 ppm BAP significantly optimizes somatic embryo production, yielding an average of 65.00 embryos per explant, represents a clear and impactful result, identifying an effective parameter for propagation. In conclusion, this study successfully pinpoints an optimal concentration of 6-Benzyl Amino Purine for inducing a high number of somatic embryos in *Phalaenopsis amabilis*. This finding is a significant step forward for the in vitro propagation of this threatened orchid, offering a crucial parameter for developing standardized micropropagation protocols. The research holds strong practical implications, supporting both urgent conservation efforts to safeguard *P. amabilis* from extinction and the sustainable commercial production of this highly prized ornamental plant. Future research could beneficially explore the subsequent development and acclimatization of these somatic embryos into whole plantlets, alongside assessments of their genetic stability.

Full Text

Comments

You need to be logged in to post a comment.