Raihan Bayu Nugroho, I Wayan Warsita, I Wayan Adiyasa

Prototype of an Adaptive Wiper System for Electric Vehicles for Disabled Users Using a Servo Motor

Introduction

Prototype of an adaptive wiper system for electric vehicles for disabled users using a servo motor. Developed an adaptive servo wiper system prototype for disabled users in electric vehicles. Offers Arduino control, energy efficiency, and responsive two-speed functionality.

Abstract

This study presents the design and implementation of a prototype wiper system using a servo motor, specifically developed for electric vehicles designed for persons with disabilities. The system is structured through several stages, including the creation of a wiring diagram, the development of a control system based on an Arduino Uno microcontroller, and the integration of key components such as a 12V battery, a three-position switch, a step-down LM2596 module, and an RDS3239 servo motor. The control logic enables two-speed wiping modes low and high regulated by user input via the switch. Electrical testing demonstrated that the current drawn by the system was 0.26 A at low speed and 0.37 A at high speed, with corresponding power consumption of 3.12 W and 4.44 W, respectively. These values fall within safe operating limits, indicating energy efficiency suitable for electric vehicle applications. Motion testing showed that the system achieved 30 wipes per minute at low speed and 60 wipes per minute at high speed, with the high-speed mode meeting the minimum functional criteria set by national standards. Angular deviation analysis further revealed that increased speed slightly impacted sweep precision, though still within acceptable tolerances. The results indicate that the developed system not only performs effectively in varying operational conditions but also offers energy-efficient and responsive functionality. This makes it a viable solution for adaptive and accessible mobility technologies in electric vehicles for persons with disabilities.

Review

This paper introduces a highly relevant and practical study on the design and implementation of an adaptive wiper system for electric vehicles (EVs) specifically catering to persons with disabilities. The focus on enhancing accessibility within the rapidly growing EV market is commendable, addressing a critical need for inclusive automotive technologies. The authors' approach to developing a prototype using readily available components like a servo motor and Arduino microcontroller demonstrates a pragmatic method for achieving both functionality and energy efficiency, thereby contributing a tangible solution to assistive mobility. The methodology is clearly outlined, detailing the system's architecture from wiring diagrams to control logic. The integration of key components such as a 12V battery, a three-position switch for user input, a step-down LM2596 module, and an RDS3239 servo motor establishes a robust framework. The experimental results provide quantitative evidence of the system's performance. The reported low current draw (0.26 A at low speed, 0.37 A at high speed) and corresponding power consumption (3.12 W and 4.44 W) strongly support the claim of energy efficiency, which is vital for EV applications. Furthermore, motion testing confirms effective operation, with wipe speeds of 30 wipes/min and 60 wipes/min, the latter meeting national functional criteria, while angular deviation remains within acceptable tolerances. Overall, the developed prototype represents a significant step forward in adaptive and accessible mobility technologies. Its demonstrated energy efficiency, responsive functionality, and adherence to performance standards make it a viable solution for enhancing the driving experience for disabled users in electric vehicles. While the "adaptive" aspect in the abstract primarily refers to user-selected speeds, the system's fundamental design for a specific user group intrinsically makes it an adaptive technology. This research provides a solid foundation, and future work could explore advanced adaptive features such as automatic rain sensing or more granular speed control, further augmenting its utility and impact on promoting inclusive vehicle design.

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