Wahyu Yuniati Nizar

MORPHOLOGICAL IDENTIFICATION OF ARBUSCULAR MYCHORRIZAL FUNGI ISOLATED FROM THE RHIZOSPHERE OF Jatropha gossypiifolia L. IN TAMBORA INDONESIA

Introduction

Morphological identification of arbuscular mychorrizal fungi isolated from the rhizosphere of jatropha gossypiifolia l. In tambora indonesia. Morphological identification of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) from Jatropha gossypiifolia rhizosphere in Tambora, Indonesia. Reveals Glomus, Acaulospora, Gigaspora spores & moderate root colonization.

Abstract

The morphological analysis allows identifying the characteristics of AMF spores, while molecular analysis identifies the species and taxonomy position. Thus, both methods are necessary to create a complete and successful taxonomy of AMF. Soil samples taken under  Bellyache bush stands in Tambora, Dompu West Nusa Tenggara Indonesia (08˚26’50,278” S and 117˚59’1,999” E). Root sample taken randomly ± 1 g/sample then washed until clean and put in a bottle film. In summary, the roots are cleaned of cytoplasm with 10% KOH solution, then acidified with 1% HCl solution and then stained with 0.05% trypan blue. The results of calculating the percentage of root colonization show that the characteristics of each different mycorrhizae give percentages various colonization. Colonization percentage each the samples experienced differences, namely at P1 25%, P2 40%, P3 50%, P4 40%, P5 60%, P6 55%, P7 100%, P8 35%, P9 55% and P10 25%. Colonization percentage values on the root is moderate. The percentage is affected by circumstances location, such as litter thickness and soil color. On Tambora, Dompu District locations have a thin litter thickness and color reddish brown soil indicating level high levels of iron (Fe). Based on the results of research conducted then it can be concluded that the Genus of spores found at the research location both on soil samples and roots namely Glomus, Acaulospora and Gigaspora. Glomus spores have relative abundance highest. Percentage of mycorrhizal colonization in Tambora Dompu District is classified as moderate.

Review

This paper presents a study on the morphological identification of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) associated with *Jatropha gossypiifolia* in Tambora, Indonesia, a region where such ecological interactions may be understudied. The abstract highlights the crucial role of both morphological and molecular analyses for comprehensive AMF taxonomy, setting a valuable context for the work. The research focuses on identifying AMF genera from both rhizosphere soil and root samples, alongside assessing root colonization percentages in the chosen host plant, thereby providing foundational ecological data. The methodology outlined in the abstract details the standard procedures for preparing and staining root samples to assess mycorrhizal colonization, providing concrete percentage values across ten samples, ranging from 25% to 100%. This data, while variable, indicates the presence of active AMF associations. However, a significant omission in the abstract is the lack of detail regarding the specific methods used for the *morphological identification* of AMF spores from soil samples, which is a primary claim of the title. While the abstract concludes with the identification of *Glomus*, *Acaulospora*, and *Gigaspora* genera, with *Glomus* being the most abundant, the specific morphological characteristics observed or the identification keys employed are not mentioned. Furthermore, while environmental factors like litter thickness and soil color are suggested to influence colonization, a clearer link or perhaps quantitative data linking these factors to the observed variation would strengthen the interpretation. Despite these points, the study successfully establishes the presence and diversity of AMF genera associated with *Jatropha gossypiifolia* in the Tambora region, contributing valuable baseline information for this specific ecosystem and plant species. The identification of *Glomus* as the most abundant genus is a common finding in many ecosystems but is nevertheless an important confirmation for this specific context. The 'moderate' colonization levels and the identified genera provide a foundational understanding of the AMF community. Future work could benefit from incorporating the molecular analyses mentioned in the introduction to confirm and refine the species-level identification, as well as a more detailed analysis of the environmental parameters influencing AMF distribution and activity. This research serves as a useful preliminary characterization, paving the way for more in-depth ecological and taxonomic studies of AMF in the Indonesian archipelago.

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