Mahtub Ikhsan, Ardyan Pramudya Kurniawan

Keanekaragaman Jenis Tumbuhan Berkhasiat Obat sebagai Agen Antihipertensi di Kampung Udapi, Papua Barat

Introduction

Keanekaragaman jenis tumbuhan berkhasiat obat sebagai agen antihipertensi di kampung udapi, papua barat. Eksplorasi tumbuhan obat antihipertensi di Kampung Udapi, Papua Barat. 22 spesies teridentifikasi, dengan Phaleria macrocarpa & Pandanus conoideus unggul. Dasar ilmiah fitofarmaka lokal.

Abstract

Pengetahuan lokal mengenai tumbuhan obat sangat penting untuk mendukung pelestarian keanekaragaman hayati dan pengembangan obat tradisional. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendokumentasikan tumbuhan yang digunakan oleh Masyarakat Kampung Udapi Hilir dalam pengobatan hipertensi, serta menganalisis tingkat kepentingan dan spesifisitas penggunaannya. Pengambilan data dilakukan pada bulan Agustus – November 2024, melalui wawancara mendalam terhadap 65 informan yang dipilih secara snowball . Data tumbuhan dikonfirmasi melalui identifikasi taksonomi dan dokumentasi. Analisis kuantitatif menggunakan indeks Relative Frequency of Citation (RFC) dan Fidelity Level (FL) untuk menilai popularitas dan spesifisitas setiap tumbuhan dalam pengobatan hipertensi. Sebanyak 22 spesies dari 16 famili berhasil didokumentasikan. Phaleria macrocarpa menunjukkan nilai RFC tertinggi (1,00) dan FL (100 %), diikuti Pandanus conoideus (RFC 0,98; FL 98 %) serta Zingiber officinale Rosc. (RFC 0,95; FL 95 %).Temuan ini menunjukkan tingginya kepercayaan masyarakat terhadap tumbuhan lokal sebagai terapi hipertensi, dan mendukung perlunya pelestarian pengetahuan tradisional. Penelitian ini memberikan dasar ilmiah bagi eksplorasi lebih lanjut dan pengembangan fitofarmaka berdasarkan sumber daya lokal.

Review

The study "Keanekaragaman Jenis Tumbuhan Berkhasiat Obat sebagai Agen Antihipertensi di Kampung Udapi, Papua Barat" presents a timely and valuable ethnobotanical investigation into traditional anti-hypertensive plant uses. This research meticulously documents the local knowledge of the Udapi Hilir community concerning medicinal plants for hypertension, combining qualitative data from in-depth interviews with quantitative analysis using Relative Frequency of Citation (RFC) and Fidelity Level (FL) indices. The authors successfully identified 22 species across 16 families, providing crucial insights into the indigenous therapeutic landscape. Key findings highlight *Phaleria macrocarpa*, *Pandanus conoideus*, and *Zingiber officinale Rosc.* as the most significant species, demonstrating high levels of community trust and specific application for hypertension treatment. A major strength of this paper lies in its rigorous methodological approach, including a substantial number of informants (65) selected via snowball sampling, which is appropriate for capturing deep community knowledge. The integration of taxonomic identification with quantitative ethnobotanical indices (RFC and FL) lends strong scientific credibility to the documented traditional uses, moving beyond mere anecdotal records. By systematically assessing the popularity and specificity of each plant, the study provides a robust scientific foundation for potential phytopharmaceutical development. Furthermore, the research significantly contributes to the preservation of invaluable traditional ecological knowledge, particularly from a biodiversity hotspot like West Papua, which is crucial for both cultural heritage and global health innovation. While the study provides an excellent foundation, future research could build upon these findings by exploring the specific plant parts used, preparation methods, and dosages, which are often critical details in traditional medicine. Subsequent efforts should also focus on phytochemical analyses of the identified promising species, especially *Phaleria macrocarpa*, *Pandanus conoideus*, and *Zingiber officinale*, to identify active compounds responsible for their reported anti-hypertensive effects. Pharmacological studies in *in vitro* and *in vivo* models would then be essential to validate efficacy and safety, paving the way for evidence-based phytotherapy. Overall, this paper serves as an essential stepping stone, strongly advocating for the scientific exploration and sustainable utilization of traditional plant resources for anti-hypertensive agents.

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