Rezi Delfianti, Venny Aminda Tazayul, Bima Mustaqim, Fauzan Nusyura, Catur Harsito

Internet of Things (IoT) Based Electrical Power Monitoring System for Solar Power Plants Using Telegram Application

Introduction

Internet of things (iot) based electrical power monitoring system for solar power plants using telegram application. Real-time IoT monitoring for solar power plants in Indonesia via Telegram. Get accurate electrical data (voltage, current, power) efficiently with ESP32 for renewable energy.

Abstract

Indonesia, with its tropical climate, possesses substantial solar energy potential. However, traditional monitoring of solar power systems in Indonesia still relies on manual observation, making the process inefficient, time-consuming, and prone to error. To address these limitations, this study proposes the design and implementation of a real-time Internet of Things (IoT)-based monitoring system for solar power plants using the Telegram application as the user interface. The system integrates the ESP32 microcontroller and the Pzem-004 T sensor to measure AC electrical parameters, including voltage, current, power, energy, frequency, and power factor. Unlike previous studies that used platforms such as Blynk or ThingSpeak, this research introduces Telegram as an innovative messaging-based monitoring platform, offering greater accessibility, simplicity, and user familiarity. The monitoring system was tested on a single-phase off-grid solar power setup, utilizing five types of household electrical loads, to validate its accuracy and reliability. The ESP32 communicates with the Telegram bot through Wi-Fi, and users can retrieve real-time data via predefined commands. Experimental results demonstrate high measurement accuracy, with average errors of 0.07% for voltage, 0.1% for current, and 0.08% for power. These results confirm that the system provides reliable data transmission and sensor readings. This work contributes a low-cost, efficient, and user-friendly alternative to conventional monitoring systems, particularly for decentralized renewable energy systems in remote or off-grid areas. The integration of Telegram as a communication medium for energy monitoring adds a novel dimension to IoT-based power system applications.

Review

This paper presents a timely and innovative solution for real-time monitoring of solar power plants, addressing the inefficiencies and inaccuracies of traditional manual observation methods prevalent in regions like Indonesia. The core contribution lies in its novel integration of the Telegram application as a user-friendly and highly accessible interface for an Internet of Things (IoT)-based monitoring system. By leveraging a widely used messaging platform, the research distinguishes itself from previous studies that often rely on dedicated IoT platforms like Blynk or ThingSpeak, offering enhanced simplicity and user familiarity. The demonstrated high measurement accuracy for key electrical parameters – with average errors of 0.07% for voltage, 0.1% for current, and 0.08% for power – firmly establishes the system's reliability and precision. The technical implementation of the system is well-defined, utilizing an ESP32 microcontroller in conjunction with a Pzem-004 T sensor to measure comprehensive AC electrical parameters, including voltage, current, power, energy, frequency, and power factor. The system's efficacy was rigorously tested on a single-phase off-grid solar power setup, simulating real-world conditions with various household electrical loads. The communication between the ESP32 and the Telegram bot via Wi-Fi facilitates real-time data retrieval through predefined user commands, enhancing operational convenience. This robust methodology and the strong empirical validation underscore the system's capability to provide dependable data transmission and accurate sensor readings, thereby offering a significant improvement over conventional monitoring techniques. The proposed IoT-based system represents a valuable contribution as a low-cost, efficient, and user-friendly alternative, particularly beneficial for decentralized and off-grid renewable energy systems in remote areas. The integration of Telegram as a communication medium for energy monitoring indeed adds a novel dimension to IoT-based power system applications, fostering greater accessibility and ease of management. Future research could explore the scalability of this Telegram-based approach for larger, multi-site solar installations, investigate the robustness and security of data transmission within the Telegram framework for critical infrastructure, and potentially integrate advanced analytics for predictive maintenance or optimized energy scheduling. Nevertheless, this work successfully demonstrates a practical and innovative solution for modernizing solar power plant monitoring.

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