Yuris Diksy, Ardina Purnama Tirta, Herawati, Reza Mulyawan, Moh Hayat, Udin Asrorudin

Development and Characterization of Gold Nanoparticle-Modified SPCEs for the Electrochemical Sensing

Introduction

Development and characterization of gold nanoparticle-modified spces for the electrochemical sensing. Develop and characterize gold nanoparticle-modified SPCEs for electrochemical sensing. Jengkol extract used for green synthesis. Compares drop casting vs. DPV deposition for enhanced current response.

Abstract

Gold nanoparticles were successfully synthesized by reducing HAuCl4 using jengkol (Archidendron pauciflorum) extract as a reductant. The synthesized gold nanoparticles were characterized by UV–vis spectroscopy and particle size analyzer (PSA). The synthesized gold nanoparticles were deposited on the screen printed carbon electrode (SPCE) substrate using 2 methods, drop casting and differential pulse voltammetry over a potential range of (-1500) mV to 600 mV, scan rate of 100 mV/s for 5 cycles. The surface plasmon resonance (SPR) band of UV– Vis spectrum at 530.7 nm confirmed the presence of gold nanoparticles. The results of Au nanoparticle characterization using PSA show that the size of the Au-NPs formed is 33.5 nm with an optimal HAuCl4 concentration of 0.20 mM. Characterization of gold nano-deposited SPCE was carried out by measuring the peak current of the 1 mM K3Fe(CN)6/K4Fe(CN)6 system in KCl electrolyte solution (0.1 M) using cyclic voltammetry over a potential range of (-500) mV to 1000 mV, scan rate 100 mV/s for 5 cycles. Gold nanoparticles deposited by differential pulse voltammetry showed a higher current response compared to drop casting deposition.

Review

This manuscript details the successful development and characterization of gold nanoparticle-modified screen printed carbon electrodes (SPCEs), presenting a foundational study for their potential use in electrochemical sensing. A notable strength of the work is the eco-friendly approach to gold nanoparticle (AuNP) synthesis, utilizing jengkol (Archidendron pauciflorum) extract as a natural and sustainable reductant for HAuCl4. The authors effectively characterized the synthesized AuNPs using UV-Vis spectroscopy, confirming their presence with a surface plasmon resonance band at 530.7 nm, and a particle size analyzer (PSA), which determined an optimal size of 33.5 nm at a 0.20 mM HAuCl4 concentration. This initial characterization provides solid evidence for the successful green synthesis of AuNPs. The study further explores two distinct methods for depositing the synthesized AuNPs onto SPCE substrates: conventional drop casting and electrochemical deposition via differential pulse voltammetry (DPV). The characterization of these modified electrodes was performed using cyclic voltammetry with a well-established K3Fe(CN)6/K4Fe(CN)6 redox probe. A key finding reported is the superior performance of the DPV-deposited AuNPs, which exhibited a significantly higher current response compared to electrodes modified by drop casting. This demonstrates the effectiveness of electrochemical deposition in creating more active and accessible surface area, which is crucial for enhanced electrochemical sensing applications. Overall, this work presents a promising method for creating enhanced electrochemical platforms, leveraging green chemistry for AuNP synthesis and demonstrating the advantages of DPV for electrode modification. While the abstract focuses primarily on the development and characterization phases, the title "for the Electrochemical Sensing" strongly implies the ultimate application of these modified electrodes. Future work would logically extend to demonstrating the actual sensing capabilities of these highly responsive AuNP-modified SPCEs for specific target analytes, further validating the potential highlighted by the improved current response. The findings establish a solid groundwork for practical and sustainable electrochemical sensor development.

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