Muhammad Rifqi Aditya, Ahmad Fauzan Zakki, Berlian Arswendo Adietya

Analisis Tubrukan Lateral Pada Lambung Kapal Perintis Dengan Metode Elemen Hingga

Introduction

Analisis tubrukan lateral pada lambung kapal perintis dengan metode elemen hingga. Analisis tubrukan samping pada lambung kapal perintis 1200 GT menggunakan metode elemen hingga (LS-DYNA). Simulasi 3 kecepatan menunjukkan deformasi & kerusakan meningkat seiring kecepatan.

Abstract

Tubrukan kapal merupakan salah satu insiden laut yang sering terjadi dan berdampak serius terhadap keselamatan struktur kapal, muatan, awak kapal, penumpang dan lingkungan. Kapal perintis, yang melayani rute ke daerah tertinggal dan terpencil, sangat penting keberadaannya dan perlu dianalisis ketahanannya terhadap insiden tabrakan guna menjamin keselamatan, keandalan operasional, dan pemenuhan standar keselamatan maritim. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji tingkat kerusakan lambung saat tabrakan samping pada kapal perintis 1200 GT menggunakan metode elemen hingga berbasis perangkat lunak LS-DYNA. Pemodelan difokuskan pada bagian midship kapal sebagai objek tumbukan, menggunakan elemen shell dengan material plastic kinematic, sementara haluan kapal penabrak dimodelkan sebagai struktur rigid. Simulasi dilakukan untuk tiga variasi kecepatan yang berbeda, yaitu 8, 10, dan 12 knot selama 0,2 detik. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa semakin tinggi kecepatan, semakin besar deformasi dan kerusakan yang terjadi dengan besar deformasi maksimum masing-masing 0,1264 m, 0,1664 m, dan 0,1973 m. Gaya kontak maksimum yang dihasilkan mencapai 1,48 × 106 N, 1,81 × 106 N, dan 1,99 × 106 N. Energi internal tumbukan yang diserap lambung kapal adalah sebesar 101,418 kJ; 160,001 kJ; dan 226,590 kJ. Nilai gaya kontak maksimum dan energi yang diserap oleh lambung kapal juga meningkat seiring bertambahnya kecepatan.

Review

This study addresses the highly relevant and critical issue of lateral collisions on pioneer ships, vessels that play an indispensable role in connecting remote and underserved areas. The authors aim to analyze the damage levels sustained by the hull of a 1200 GT pioneer ship during a side impact using the finite element method, specifically leveraging the capabilities of LS-DYNA software. This computational approach is well-suited for investigating the complex non-linear behavior associated with ship collisions, offering valuable insights that contribute directly to enhancing maritime safety, operational reliability, and adherence to established maritime safety standards. The methodology is clearly defined, with the midship section of the vessel modeled using shell elements and a plastic kinematic material, while the striking bow is simplified as a rigid structure. The simulations, executed for a brief 0.2-second duration across three distinct impact speeds (8, 10, and 12 knots), effectively capture the initial impact dynamics. The results powerfully illustrate a direct relationship between increasing impact speed and the severity of damage. Quantitatively, the maximum deformation observed escalated from 0.1264 m at 8 knots to 0.1973 m at 12 knots. Concurrently, peak contact forces significantly rose from 1.48 × 10⁶ N to 1.99 × 10⁶ N, and the internal energy absorbed by the hull nearly doubled from 101.418 kJ to 226.590 kJ, providing a compelling demonstration of the hull's response characteristics under varying collision energies. This research offers a commendable initial assessment of pioneer ship hull performance during lateral collisions, providing valuable quantitative data crucial for structural design and safety evaluations. The clear and concise presentation of the relationship between impact speed and key damage parameters – deformation, contact force, and energy absorption – forms a robust foundation. To further advance the understanding, future work could explore the influence of a deformable striking vessel, which would offer a more realistic energy distribution between the two interacting structures. Additionally, extending the simulation duration to capture post-peak phenomena or considering different impact angles and locations along the hull would provide a more comprehensive understanding of the ship's overall crashworthiness. Despite these potential expansions, the current study makes a meaningful contribution to the engineering knowledge base for ensuring the structural integrity of these vital vessels.

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